Ellhniko NT OS Loader + Linux mini-HOWTO
Bernd Reichert, <reichert@dial.eunet.ch>
v1.11, 2 Septembrios 1997
1. Perilhch
Ayto to keimeno perigrafei thn xrhsh toy Windows NT boot loader gia
thn ekkinhsh toy Linux. Oi diadikasies aytes exoyn elegx8ei me ta
Windows NT 4.0 WS kai to Linux 2.0.
2. Pws doyleuei o NT OS Loader
Ston NT OS loader aresei na exei to boot sector twn allwn dia8esimwn
leitoyrgikwn systhmatwn dia8esimo san arxeio. Diabazei to arxeio ayto
kai ekkinei to epilegmeno leitoyrgiko susthma, p.x. NT se
diaforetikous tropoys leitoyrgias (modes) h kapoio allo leitoyrgiko.
3. Symboyles gia to pws 8a egkatasthsete Windows NT kai Linux sto
idio Susthma
3.1. Egkatastash twn Windows NT
Prospa8hste na egkatasthsete prwta ta NT. An 8elete na xrhsimopoihsete
NTFS gia thn katatmhsh twn Windows NT, shmeiwste pws, h shmerinh
ekdosh toy Linux den mporei na exei prosbash se katatmhseis NTFS.
Enas alpha odhgos poy mporei na diabazei katatmhseis NTFS diati8etai
sto http://www.informatik.hu-berlin.de/~loewis/ntfs. Mporeite na
dhmioyrghsete mia jexwristh katatmhsh FAT gia antallages dedomenwn h
8a prepei na xrhsimopoihsete DOS-formatted disketes.
3.2. Katatmizontas
Ena allo Mini-howto synista na mhn xrhsimopoieite ton "Disk
Administartor" twn NT gia na dhmioyrghsete tis katatmhseis Linux swap
kai root. Arkei na doume mono ton eleu8ero xwro. Kai egw epishs
systhnw thn xrhsh toy linux fdisk, se metepeita bhma.
3.3. Egkatastash Linux
Ekkinhste to linux (p.x. apo disketes), kai dhmioyrghste tis
katatmhseis toy swap kai toy root. To fdisk 8ewrei thn katatmhsh ntfs
ws mia katatmhsh HPFS. Ayto einai fysiologiko. Ekkinhste jana kai
egkatasthste to Linux sas, opws 8elete.
Gia thn periptwsh poy h diadikasia egkatastashs proteinei pws 8a
mporousate na prosarthsete kai thn katatmhsh HPFS poy brhke: Agnohste
to.
3.4. Lilo
Otan ftasete sto Tmhma toy Lilo, prosdioriste thn kuria katatmhsh
Linux san thn syskeyh ekkinhshs sas, giati o Master Boot Record (MBR)
toy sklhrou sas diskoy exei katalhf8ei apo ta Windows NT. Ayto
shmainei pws h eggrafh gia root kai h eggrafh gia boot sto
/etc/lilo.conf sas, exoyn thn idia timh. An exete enan sklhro disko
IDE kai h katatmhsh toy Linux einai h 2h, h eggrafh boot sas sto
/etc/lilo.conf moiazei san:
boot=/dev/hda2
An exete duo diskoys kai to Linux edreuei sthn prwth katatmhsh toy
deuteroy diskoy sas, h boot eggrafh sto /etc/lilo.conf moiazei me:
boot=/dev/hdb1
Trejte to lilo me enan pyrhna poy kanei gia to susthma sas. Elegjte
ton pyrhna ekkinwntas prwta apo disketa an den eisaste sigoyroi.
An den mporeite na ekkinhste Windows NT twra, exete kapoio problhma.
Elpizw na exete dhmioyrghsei prosfate mia disketa repair .
4. Bootpart
Yparxei ena programma gia ta NT poy legetai bootpart, grammeno apo ton
G. Vollant, poy mporei na kanei tis doyleies twn epomenwn dyo bhmatwn
gia esas. To Bootpart diati8etai sto
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/gvollant/bootpart.htm.
An 8elete na ma8ete pws synergazontai metaju toys ta pragmata,
xrhsimopoihste tis diadikasies poy perigrafontai sta shmeia 5 kai 6.
5. To Linux meros ths doyleias
8a prepei na ekkinhsete me disketes mexri na ftiaxtei to NT meros ths
doyleias.
Twra 8a prepei na ejagete ena bootsector mesw ths katatmhshs toy
Linux-root. An /dev/hda2 einai h katatmhsh toy linux, h entolh dd
einai:
# dd if=/dev/hda2 of=/bootsect.lnx bs=512 count=1
Yparxei kati la8os an to bootsect.lnx exei mege8os megalutero apo 512
bytes.
Antigracte to arxeio bootsect.lnx se mia DOS formarismenh disketa, an
aytos einai o tropos sas na antallassete arxeia me thn katatmhsh NTFS-
Windows.
Mporeite na to antigracete me
# mcopy /bootsect.lnx a:
h me
# mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt
# copy /bootsect.lnx /mnt
# umount /mnt
6. To Windows NT meros ths doyleias
Antigracte to arxeio apo th disketa sto C:\\bootsect.lnx. Den 8a sas
pw pws na to kanete ayto.
Oti einai to lilo.conf gia to linux einai to c:\\boot.ini gia ta
Windows NT. Apomakrunetai tis idiothtes (attributes), system kai
read-only prin to tropopoihsete me:
C:\attrib -s -r c:\boot.ini
Twra allajte to arxeio boot.ini me kapoion epejergasth, to notepad gia
paradeigma, ws akolou8ws:
[boot loader]
timeout=30
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT="Windows NT Workstation ...
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT="Windows NT Workstation ...
C:\BOOTSECT.LNX="Linux"
Mono h teleytaia grammh proste8hke, sto paradeigma ayto. Epanaferete
tis idiothtes toy arxeioy afou swsete boot.ini me:
C:\attrib +s +r c:\boot.ini
Meta apo ena shutdown sta Windows NT kai mia epanekkinhsh 8a prepei na
deite ta parakatw:
OS Loader V4.00
Please select the operating system to start:
Windows NT Workstation Version 4.0
Windows NT Workstation Version 4.0 [VGA mode]
Linux
Epilejte Linux kai deite
LILO loading zImage ....
7. Play it again Sam
Ena neo antigrafo toy bootsect.lnx prepei na metafer8ei sto
C:\BOOTSECT.LNX ka8e fora poy o bootsector ths katatmhshs linux
tropopoieitai. Ayto symbainei gia paradeigma otan egka8istate ena neo
pyrhna me to lilo. Opws mporeite na deite, ena tetoio susthma den
einai idaniko gia testarisma peiramatikwn pyrhnwn.
8. Epilysh problhmatwn
An ta pragmata den phgan opws perimenate, elegjte thn dynatothta
ekkinhshs me disketa. Me thn /dev/hdb1 ws thn Linux katatmhsh sas, to
/etc/lilo.conf exei tis parakatw eggrafes:
root=/dev/hdb1
boot=/dev/fd0
Trejte to lilo me th disketa mesa. Twra prospa8hste na ekkinhsete apo
th disketa. An to Linux einai sto /dev/hdb1 den mporei na ekkinh8ei,
kai o NT OS loader 8a apotuxei epishs na to ekkinhsei. An deite polla
01 01 01 01, o root diskos sas den einai prosbasimos. Elegjte an oloi
oi diskoi sas einai gnwstoi sto bios.
An h disketa jekinaei to Linux sas , mporeite na ejagete to boot-
sector gia xrhsh me ton NT OS loader, me:
# dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/bootsect.lnx bs=512 count=1
Mporeite na krathsete ayth th disketa san disketa rescue, apla gia thn
periptwsh poy h egkatastash twn Windows NT sas xalasei.
9. Parapompes
· To Linux+WindowsNT mini-HOWTO
· To FAQ gia FreeBSD 2.X
10. Eyxaristies
· Ston Xiaoming Yi <z3c20@ttacs.ttu.edu> gia thn ypodeijh pws oi
diadikasies doyleuoyn kai gia alloys diskoys, ektos toy prwtoy.
· Ston Frank Dennler <Frank.Dennler@zkb.ch> gia to texnasma me th
disketa.
11. Anadrash
Ka8e sxolio einai eyprosdekto.
Gia sxolia, parathrhseis, dior8wseis, enhmerwseis peri ths Ellhnikhs
metafrashs aytou toy HOWTO, steilte email sthn Boula Sanida :
voulariba@hellug.gr h ston Eyripidh Papakwsta : evris@hellug.gr kai
enallaktika : ep@rocketmail.com